CLICK HERE FOR THOUSANDS OF FREE BLOGGER TEMPLATES »

Wednesday, July 16, 2008

LIVER : ANATOMY



weight= 1.5 kg (1300 gm in females , 1600 gms in males)



SURFACES :5
ANTERIOR
POSTERIOR
INFERIOR
SUPERIOR
RIGHT
BORDERS :INFERIOR SHARP BORDER
LOBES :
RIGHT
LEFT
CAUDATE
QUADRATE

VIEW :
http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/nursing/sonet/rlos/bioproc/liveranatomy/6.html

blood supply to liver:
1. aorta --> directly gives rise to HEPATIC ARTERY (oxygenated blood)--> branches --->each branch in portal triad ---> sinusoids
2. portal vein (i.e. , enterohepatic circulation)
superior mesenteric vein + splenic vein ----> PORTAL VEIN (deoxygenated blood from stomach , intestine, spleen , pancreas)(rich in monosaccharides, amino acids and hormones )(oxygen content is less )---->portal triad----> sinusoids

VENOUS DRAINAGE :
sinusoids---->central vein of lobule --->central veins unite to form bigger veins and ultimately form LEFT AND RIGHT HEPATIC VEINS ----> open into INFERIOR VENA CAVA----> right atrium of heart .

# sinusoids are lined by endothelial cells . between these endothelial cells and the neighbouring hepatocytes , their are certain spaces called as SPACE OF DISSE .
# few macrophage cells called Kupffer's cells are also found in between the endothelial cells .

DETAILS :

HEP. ARTERY AND PORTAL VEIN
! !
right branch left branch
!_______________!
enter liver
!
redivide to form segmental vessels
!
redivide to form interlobular vessels
!
ramifications open into hepatic sinusoids
( HERE , HEPATIC ARTERY BLOOD MIXES WITH PORTAL VENOUS BLOOD )
!
drain into interlobular veins
!
join to form sublobular veins
!
unite to form HEPATIC VEIN (right and left)
!
drain directly into inferior vena cava

Arrangement of hepatic veins :
in 2 groups :
upper lower
! !

has 3 large veins variable number of small veins right , left , middle which emerge through which emerge through lower part of upper part of groove for IVC and open directly CAVAL groove and open into IVC into IVC .

physiological lobes of liver :

1. RIGHT PHYSIOLOGICAL LOBE : has anterior and posterior segments .

2. LEFT PHYSIOLOGICAL LOBE : has medial and lateral segments

SURGICAL impotance : HEPATIC VEINS are INTERSEGMENTAL in their course .

# PORTAL TRIAD / HEPATIC TRIAD has branch of hepatic artery , branch of portal vein , and tributary of bile duct.

PORTA HEPATIS has hepatic ducts in front , then , going towards behind from forward , we have , hepatic artery and then , branches of portal vein .

diagram from :

http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/sg/TeachingModules/Abdomen%20anatomy/BMW4.htm

0 comments: